As Nigeria embarks on 2025, the nation faces a mix of opportunities and challenges under the leadership of President Bola Ahmed Tinubu. Amid economic hardships and rising insecurity, several critical issues are set to dominate public discourse and shape the year’s agenda.
### **Local Government Autonomy**
The push for local government autonomy is reaching a decisive phase. The Supreme Court’s landmark ruling in July 2024, which mandated direct disbursement of funds to Nigeria’s 774 local councils, was hailed as a victory for grassroots governance. However, implementation has faced resistance from some state governors, citing operational concerns.
As financial independence for local governments hangs in the balance, proponents argue it will enhance service delivery in sectors like healthcare, education, and infrastructure. The federal government faces growing pressure to enforce the ruling, which could transform governance at the grassroots level.
### **National Youth Conference**
Scheduled for February 2025, the National Youth Conference is set to address critical issues affecting Nigeria’s young population. Announced during Nigeria’s 64th Independence Anniversary by President Tinubu, the 30-day event will focus on unemployment, education, technology, and youth empowerment.
With over half of Nigeria’s population under 35, the conference aims to shape policies that promote economic opportunities and youth inclusion in governance. Resolutions from the conference could influence future reforms and redefine Nigeria’s approach to youth development.
### **Anambra Governorship Election & Election Tribunals**
The November 2025 Anambra governorship election is expected to be a key political event, with major parties competing for dominance. Candidates are likely to focus on issues like security, infrastructure, and unemployment.
Simultaneously, the Ondo and Edo election tribunals, following contested 2024 governorship elections, will test Nigeria’s judicial and electoral integrity. The outcomes of these events could reshape regional and national political dynamics.
### **Tax Reform Debate**
The federal government’s tax reform bills, presented in late 2024, remain contentious. Proposals to consolidate tax laws and reform VAT distribution have sparked regional tensions. While proponents argue the reforms will enhance revenue generation, critics, including the Northern Governors’ Forum, warn of potential disadvantages for less industrialized states.
President Tinubu has dismissed calls to withdraw the bills, which, if passed, could significantly impact Nigeria’s fiscal landscape.
### **INEC Leadership Transition**
Professor Mahmood Yakubu, Chairman of the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC), is set to retire in December 2025 after serving two consecutive terms. The appointment of his successor will be closely watched, as it holds the potential to influence Nigeria’s electoral system and democratic process.
### **Refinery Developments**
The Port Harcourt and Warri refineries, recently revived by the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation Limited (NNPCL), are under scrutiny. Despite initial challenges, the refineries are expected to boost local production and stabilize fuel prices. Oil marketers have expressed optimism that increased competition will benefit consumers.
### **Population Census**
The long-awaited national population census is anticipated to take place this year. Although no official date has been set, the National Population Commission has confirmed ongoing discussions with the presidency. The exercise is expected to provide critical data for policy planning and resource allocation.
### **Kyari’s Controversial Tenure**
NNPCL boss Mele Kyari’s bid to extend his tenure despite reaching the mandatory retirement age is generating debate. While some advocate for his replacement, others cite the company’s legal restructuring under the Petroleum Industry Act as justification for his continued leadership.
### **U.S. Foreign Policy under Trump**
The inauguration of Donald Trump as the 47th U.S. President is likely to influence Nigeria’s foreign relations. His administration is expected to prioritize transactional partnerships, focusing on trade and security. Nigeria could benefit from increased investment but may face tougher negotiations.
As these issues unfold, Nigeria’s political, economic, and social landscapes are poised for significant developments in 2025.
